This week in history is marked by pivotal moments in war, peace, and political transformation. It encompasses the formal end of two major global conflicts: World War II with Japan’s surrender in 1945 and the American Revolutionary War with the 1783 Treaty of Paris. The week also witnessed significant steps in U.S. nation-building, from establishing the Treasury Department to the First Continental Congress. Other profound events include the tragic Munich Olympics terrorist attack, President Ford’s pardon of Richard Nixon, a significant Cold War defection, and the agreement to transfer control of the Panama Canal.
Tuesday, September 2
- 1789 – The U.S. Treasury Department is established, forming the basis of the nation’s financial system.
- 1945 – Japan formally surrenders aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, officially ending World War II (V-J Day).
Wednesday, September 3
- 1783 – The Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the American Revolutionary War and recognizing U.S. independence.
- 1939 – Britain and France declare war on Germany, marking the beginning of World War II in Europe.
Thursday, September 4
- 1781 – Spanish settlers found the city of Los Angeles.
- 1949 – Riots erupt in Peekskill, New York, following a Paul Robeson concert, leaving over 140 people injured.
Friday, September 5
- 1774 – The First Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia, taking a major step toward independence.
- 1972 – Terrorists attack the Israeli Olympic team in Munich, resulting in the deaths of athletes and hostages.
Saturday, September 6
- 1901 – President William McKinley is shot at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York.
- 1976 – Soviet pilot Viktor Belenko defects by flying a MiG-25 jet fighter to Japan, escalating Cold War tensions.
Sunday, September 7
- 1906 – Alberto Santos-Dumont makes a successful flight in his 14-bis aircraft in France, advancing early aviation.
- 1977 – The Torrijos-Carter Treaties are signed, agreeing to transfer control of the Panama Canal to Panama.
Monday, September 8
- 1565 – St. Augustine, Florida, is founded, becoming the oldest permanent European settlement in the United States.
- 1974 – President Gerald Ford pardons Richard Nixon for any crimes committed during the Watergate scandal.
